نوع مقاله : علمی- ترویجی

نویسنده

پژوهشگاه هوافضا، وزارت علوم تحقیقات و فناوری، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف از ارائة این مقاله، آشنایی با فاز توسعة فناوری (مدرن­سازی یا مدیریت فناوری) در سامانه­های فضایی و بررسی روند توسعة سامانة پیشرانش سوخت مایع در حامل­های فضایی است. برای این منظور، ضمن معرفی انواع فناوری­ها در دو حوزة سامانه­های پیشرانش و حامل‌های فضایی، روند توسعة سامانه­های پیشرانش و اهداف آن نیز ارائه می­شود. در این بررسی، روند اکتساب و توسعة فناوری در تمامی سامانه­های پیشرانش سوخت مایع، به‌گونه‌ای است که از فناوری سوخت کروسین و اکسیدکننده اسیدنیتریک شروع می­شود و با طی گام‌هایی از جمله اکتساب فناوری سوخت­های هیدرازینی (دی متیل هیدرازین نامتقارن) و اکسیدکننده تتراکسید نیتروژن، حرکت به سمت سوخت کروسین و اکسیژن مایع، سرانجام به هیدروژن مایع و اکسیژن مایع می‌رسد. دلیل این سیر تحول فناوری­ها را می­توان در افزایش کارآیی (از نظر افزایش عمر،  قابلیت اطمینان، به‌کارگیری محفظه­های رانش ارزان ­قیمت و کاهش تعداد مؤلفه­های پیشرانش در حامل­های فضایی یک‌بار مصرف) و کاهش هزینه (در دو رویکرد توسعة حامل­های فضایی یک‌بار مصرف و چند‌بار مصرف) یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Technology Development Trend in Space Launch System Propulsion

نویسنده [English]

  • Hassan Naseh

Aerospace Research Institute, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

The major purpose of this paper is presentation of the technology development phase (modernization or technology management) in space systems and also the review of technology development in space launch system of propulsion system. To this end, firstly, the technology areas in both propulsion systems and space launch systems and technology development are introduced. In this study, technology development and achievement trend in all propulsion subsystems are common. Propulsion system used the technology of kerosene and Nitric Acid in the first the step. Then the Hydrazine fuel, N2O4, L(O2), Kerosene and finally L(O2) and (H2) are achieved. As a conclusion, a new SLS in space transportation is considered and the reason for technology development is clarified so as to find a reduced cost (in both space launch system technology development approaches) and enhance the performance (thrust chamber low cost concepts and reduction of engine components in Expandable Launch Vehicle (ELV) and thrust chamber enhanced life concepts and reliability improvemments in Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV)).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Technology Development
  • Propulsion System
  • Space Launch System
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