نوع مقاله : علمی- ترویجی
نویسنده
پژوهشگاه هوافضا، وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری، تهران، ایران
چکیده
سیستم ایمنی بدن شبکه‌ای پیچیده از ساختارها و فرآیندهای بیولوژیک است که کاهش عملکرد یا تغییر اندکی در هر یک از جنبه‌های آن می‌تواند خطر ابتلا به بیماری را افزایش دهد. تحقیقات نشان داده که تغییرات جاذبه سبب ایجاد تحولاتی در سیستم ایمنی بدن می‌شود. همین امر می‌تواند منجر به شرایطی شود که فضانوردان دچار تحریک پوست یا آلرژی‌های غیرطبیعی شده و یا ویروس‌های خفته در بدن آن‌ها دوباره شروع به فعالیت کنند. به‌علاوه برخی گونه‌های باکتریایی در فضا می‌توانند سریع‌تر رشد کنند که ممکن است این امر با کاهش ایمنی مرتبط باشد. همچنین، بعضی از سلول‌های ایمنی دچار اختلال شده و تغییراتی نیز در میزان پروتئین تولیدی سلول‌ها مشاهده می‌شود. از این‌رو، ضعیف شدن سیستم ایمنی به‌دلیل پرواز فضایی یک زمینة تحقیقاتی می‌باشد که باید به‌طور کامل برای حفظ حالت پایداری سیستم بدن در چنین شرایطی مورد ارزیابی قرار گیرد. این مقاله اثرات بیوزنی را بر سیستم ایمنی به اختصار بیان می‌کند و اطلاعات حاصل از آن علاوه‌بر کاربرد برای خدمة پرواز، می‌تواند کاربرد‌های زمینی نیز داشته باشد.
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