فناوری در مهندسی هوافضا

فناوری در مهندسی هوافضا

مروری بر آرایش‌های پرواز گروهی پرنده‌های تجاری با رویکرد آیرودینامیکی

نوع مقاله : علمی- ترویجی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.
2 دانشیار، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
پرواز گروهی علیرغم افزایش بهره­وری، کاهش مصرف سوخت و اثرات زیست محیطی به دلیل تشدید در ناپایداری­های استاتیکی جانبی و ایجاد گشتاور پیچ رو به پایین در پرنده­های دنبال کننده (پیرو)، از پیچیدگی بیشتری نسبت به پرندۀ تک فرونده برخوردار است. پرواز گروهی بهره­وری بیشتری نسبت به هواپیمای تک فرونده به دلیل تداخلات آیرودینامیکی، گردابه­های پیچشی نوک بال ناشی از جریان فراوزشی هواپیمای رهبر (پیشرو) می­شود، ایجاد می­کند. حاصل این پدیده کاهش مقدار واقعی زاویه حمله، پسای القایی و تغییر توزیع برآ در هواپیمای پیرو خواهد بود. تابع هدف، افزایش و بهبود عملکرد آیرودینامیکی در پرواز گروهی است که باتوجه به کاهش مصرف سوخت مورد توجه صنعت هوانوردی می­باشد. بهبود عملکرد با استفاده از تغییرات موقعیت فضایی پرنده­ حول سه محور نسبت به هواپیمای پیشرو و سپس با یکدیگر در سرعت بهینه خواهد بود. در این مقاله هدف بررسی مزایا و معایب پرواز گروهی در پرنده­های تجاری با رویکرد آیرودینامیکی می‌­باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

A review of the Commercial Aircrafts Formation Flight Arrangements Via Aerodynamic Approach

نویسندگان English

saeed daryaei 1
saeed Karimian Aliabadi 2
1 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Although formation flight offers improved aerodynamic efficiency, reduced fuel consumption, and diminished environmental impact, it introduces complexities beyond those of single-aircraft operations. These challenges primarily arise from increased lateral static instability and the generation of a downward pitching moment in the trailing aircraft. Aerodynamic interactions—particularly the wingtip vortices generated by the lead aircraft—affect the follower by reducing its effective angle of attack, lowering induced drag, and altering airflow distribution. The core objective in formation flight is to enhance aerodynamic performance, which has garnered interest in commercial aviation due to its potential for fuel savings. Performance optimization depends on spatial positioning adjustments of trailing aircraft along three rotational axes relative to the leader and one another, maintained at optimal cruising speeds. This review examines the aerodynamic advantages and limitations of formation flight in commercial aviation, with a focus on the trade-offs involved in its operational implementation.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Formation flight
wing vortex
lead aircraft
follower aircraft
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  • تاریخ دریافت 21 آبان 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 11 دی 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 12 دی 1403
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار 20 اسفند 1403