فناوری در مهندسی هوافضا

فناوری در مهندسی هوافضا

شبیه‌سازی محفظه احتراق میکروتوربین با سوخت‌های بدون کربن در شرایط احتراق رقیق و پیش‌آمیخته

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشد، مهندسی هوافضا، دانشکده فناوری‌های نوین و مهندسی هوافضا، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
2 استادیار، مهندسی هوافضا، دانشکده فناوری‌های نوین و مهندسی هوافضا، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
این مطالعه به شبیه‌سازی عددی محفظه احتراق یک میکروتوربین C30 با استفاده از سوخت‌های بدون کربن نظیر هیدروژن و آمونیاک در شرایط احتراق رقیق و پیش‌آمیخته پرداخته است. هدف اصلی تحقیق، بررسی تأثیر ترکیب‌های مختلف سوختی بر پارامترهای کلیدی احتراق از جمله دما، انتشار آلاینده‌ها، عملکرد کلی محفظه احتراق، راندمان احتراقی و امکان‌پذیری دستیابی به شرایط احتراق رقیق و پیش‌آمیخته بوده است. برای انجام این تحلیل، از مدل احتراقی نیمه پیش‌آمیخته همراه با معادلات سه‌بعدی ناویر-استوکس استفاده شد تا درک جامعی از فرآیندهای جریان و احتراق ارائه شود. در این شبیه‌سازی‌ها، غلظت آمونیاک در مخلوط سوخت به صورت گام‌های 10 درصدی از 0 تا 50 درصد افزایش داده شد. نتایج نشان داد که در غلظت‌های پایین آمونیاک (تا 30 درصد)، تقریباً تمامی آمونیاک در محفظه احتراق مصرف می‌شود. با این حال، در غلظت‌های بالاتر، به دلیل کاهش دمای احتراق و افت راندمان، مقادیر قابل توجهی آمونیاک نسوخته باقی می‌ماند. یافته‌ها نشان دادند که افزایش آمونیاک منجر به کاهش دمای احتراق و تولید آلاینده‌های NOx می‌شود که از نظر زیست‌محیطی مطلوب است. با این حال، این کاهش دما تأثیر منفی بر راندمان سیکل توربین گذاشت. جایگزینی متان با هیدروژن، به دلیل ارزش حرارتی بالای هیدروژن، راندمان احتراقی را از 5/88 درصد به 99 درصد افزایش داد. در مقابل، افزودن آمونیاک به مخلوط سوخت در غلظت‌های بالای 30 درصد به دلیل ارزش حرارتی پایین آن، منجر به افت شدید راندمان شد. این تحقیق بینش‌های ارزشمندی برای طراحی سیستم‌های احتراقی بهینه‌شده برای سوخت‌های بدون کربن ارائه می‌دهد و به تعادل بین راندمان و کاهش تأثیرات زیست‌محیطی کمک می‌کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Simulation of a Microturbine Combustion Chamber with Carbon-Free Fuels under Lean and Premixed Combustion Conditions

نویسندگان English

Aref Sohrabi 1
Seyyed Mahdi Mirsajedi 2
1 Shahid Beheshti University, Faculty of New Technologies and Aerospace Engineering, Tehran, Iran
2 Faculty of Modern Technologies and Aerospace Engineering, University of Shahid Beheshti , Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

This study presents a numerical investigation of a C30 microturbine combustion chamber operating with carbon-free fuels such as hydrogen and ammonia under lean and premixed combustion regimes. The primary objective is to evaluate the influence of varying fuel compositions on critical combustion characteristics, including temperature distribution, pollutant formation, chamber performance, thermal efficiency, and the practicality of sustaining lean premixed conditions. A partially premixed combustion model was applied alongside the three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations to capture the coupled flow-combustion behavior. Ammonia concentration in the fuel blend was systematically increased in 10% increments, ranging from 0% to 50%. At concentrations up to 30%, nearly complete ammonia oxidation occurred within the combustion zone. Beyond this threshold, however, substantial unburned ammonia was observed due to diminished flame temperature and combustion efficiency. The results indicate that higher ammonia content leads to reduced flame temperature and lower NOx emissions, supporting environmental targets. Nevertheless, this temperature drop adversely impacts overall cycle efficiency. Substituting methane with hydrogen significantly enhanced combustion efficiency-from 88.5% to 99%-due to hydrogen’s superior calorific value. In contrast, incorporating ammonia above 30% led to a marked decline in efficiency, attributed to its relatively low heating value. This study offers critical insights into the design and optimization of combustion systems for carbon-free fuels, aiming to balance performance with emissions reduction and thereby contribute to the development of sustainable energy technologies.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Numerical simulation
Lean combustion
Microturbine combustion chamber
Hydrogen
Ammonia
NOx emissions
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  • تاریخ دریافت 27 دی 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 07 خرداد 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 10 خرداد 1404
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار 20 خرداد 1404