فناوری در مهندسی هوافضا

فناوری در مهندسی هوافضا

طراحی کنترل کننده تطبیقی مدل چندگانه برای اتوپایلوت کانال فراز یک جسم پرنده تحت نامعینی پارامتری

نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده فناوری‌های نوین و مهندسی هوافضا، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار، دانشکده فناوری‌های نوین و مهندسی هوافضا، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
تغییرات پارامترهای پروازی و نامعینی‌های ذاتی سامانه‌های آیرودینامیکی تأثیر چشمگیری بر عملکرد و پایداری خلبان خودکار موشک دارند. هدف این پژوهش، بهبود عملکرد سامانه اتوپایلوت در حضور نامعینی‌های پارامتری و شرایط متغیر پروازی است. در این راستا، روشی مبتنی بر کنترل تطبیقی مدل چندگانه (MMAC) ارائه شده که نوآوری اصلی آن، ترکیب هم‌زمان سازوکار سوئیچینگ و تنظیم تطبیقی در قالب یک بانک مدل است. روش کنترل تظبیقی مدل چندگانه ضمن حفظ پایداری سیستم، امکان انتخاب سریع مدل نزدیک به رفتار واقعی سامانه را فراهم می‌سازد و با به‌روزرسانی لحظه‌ای پارامترهای کنترل، پاسخ سریع‌تر، خطای کمتر و پایداری بالاتری نسبت به روش‌های تطبیقی کلاسیک ایجاد می‌کند. این ساختار به کنترل‌کننده امکان می‌دهد تا با مقایسه لحظه‌ای پاسخ مدل‌ها با رفتار واقعی سیستم، نزدیک‌ترین مدل را به‌صورت خودکار انتخاب و پارامترهای کنترلی را بازتنظیم کند. بدین ترتیب، پایداری سیستم در برابر تغییرات سریع پارامترها و شرایط غیرخطی پرواز به‌طور قابل توجهی افزایش می‌یابد و قابلیت انطباق آن در گستره وسیعی از شرایط عملیاتی حفظ می‌شود. برای ارزیابی عملکرد، روش پیشنهادی در محیط MATLAB/Simulink با کنترل تطبیقی مدل مرجع (MRAC) مقایسه شده است. نتایج شبیه‌سازی‌ها نشان می‌دهد که روش پیشنهادی در مقایسه با MRAC، زمان نشست را تا حدود ۷۰ درصد کاهش داده، خطای ماندگار را تقریباً به صفر رسانده و مقدار RMSE را بیش از ۵۰ درصد بهبود داده است. این نتایج بیانگر برتری روش طراحی‌شده از نظر سرعت همگرایی، پایداری و دقت ردیابی در شرایط متغیر و مانورهای شدید پروازی است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Design of a Multiple Model Adaptive Controller for the Pitch Channel Autopilot of an Aerial Vehicle under Parametric Uncertainty

نویسندگان English

Saeid Niazi 1
Alireza Toloei 2
1 Faculty of New Technologies and Aerospace Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 Faculty of New Technologies and Aerospace Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Variations in flight parameters and inherent uncertainties in aerodynamic systems have a profound effect on the performance and stability of missile autopilot systems. The main objective of this research is to improve the performance of the autopilot under parametric uncertainties and varying flight conditions. To achieve this, a Multiple-Model Adaptive Control (MMAC) approach is proposed, whose main innovation lies in the simultaneous integration of switching and adaptive adjustment mechanisms within an model bank. This method, while maintaining system stability, allows for rapid selection of a model close to the actual behavior of the system, and by updating control parameters in real time, it provides faster response, less error, and higher stability than classical adaptive methods. This structure enables the controller to automatically select the most appropriate model by continuously comparing the model responses with the actual system behavior and retuning the control parameters accordingly. As a result, system stability against rapid parameter variations and nonlinear flight dynamics is significantly enhanced, while maintaining adaptability over a wide range of operational conditions. For validation, the proposed control method is compared with the Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) strategy in a MATLAB/Simulink environment. Simulation results indicate that the proposed MMAC reduces settling time by approximately 70%, minimizes the steady-state error to nearly zero, and decreases the RMSE value by over 50% compared to MRAC. These improvements clearly demonstrate the superiority of the proposed design in terms of convergence speed, robustness, and tracking accuracy, particularly under rapidly changing or highly maneuvering flight conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Flight Control System
Missile Autopilot
Multiple Model Adaptive Control
Parametric Uncertainty
Switching And Tuning
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دوره 10، شماره 3
پاییز 1405
صفحه 43-56

  • تاریخ دریافت 21 اردیبهشت 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 22 آذر 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 26 آذر 1404
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار 08 بهمن 1404