نوع مقاله : علمی- ترویجی
نویسنده
استادیار، پژوهشگاه هوافضا، وزارت علوم تحقیقات و فناوری، تهران، ایران .
چکیده
موجودات زندة روی کره زمین در حضور جاذبه ثابت (1g) تکامل یافته‌اند و رشد آنها به میزان بیوسنتز ریبوزوم، پروتئین و تنظیم دقیق فازهای چرخة سلولی ارتباط دارد. میکروگراویتی بر فازهای مختلف چرخة سلولی اثرات یکسانی ندارد و فعالیت برخی از فازها را افزایش و برخی را کاهش می‌دهد. همچنین، در این حالت تعداد چرخة سلولی در واحد زمان تغییر می‌کند. در فرایند رشد سلولی، میزان بیوسنتز ریبوزوم‌ها تحت میکروگراویتی شبیه‌سازی شده کاهش یافته و تنوع زیادی در فراوانی پروتئین‌های هستک (نوکلئولین و فیبریلارین) مشاهده می‌شود. در شرایط عادی بین رشد و تقسیم سلولی هماهنگی وجود دارد، اما شرایط میکروگراویتی این هماهنگی را از بین می‌برد. بررسی پاسخ سلولی گیاهان می‌تواند در پیشرفت دانش زیستی و آماده‌سازی سیستم پشتیبان حیات در فضا کمک نماید.
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