نوع مقاله : علمی- ترویجی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشکده و پژوهشکده فنی و مهندسی ، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین(ع)
2 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشکده و پژوهشکده فنی و مهندسی ، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین(ع)
چکیده
فضاپیماها، مانند راکت‌ها، ماهواره‌ها و کاوشگرهای فضایی، راکت‌های کوچکی برای کنترل مانورها و زاویة دید به نام تراسترها دارند. این تراسترها با خروج گاز از نازل خود نیرو (تراست) ایجاد می‌کنند. کاهش مصرف پیشرانه، بهبود عملکرد، جابجایی ایمن و هزینه کم ملزومات تراسترهایی می‌باشد که برای مانور و کنترل زاویة دید ماهواره‌ها استفاده می‌شود. به همین دلیل، سامانه‌های کنترل واکنشی به سمت استفاده از پیشرانه‌های جدید (پیشرانه‌های سبز) به‌جای پیشرانه‌های سمی حرکت می‌کند. انواع مختلفی از پیشرانه‌های سبز تولید شده که به دلایلی مانند قابلیت انبارداری پایین، ایمپالس ویژة کم و چگالی کم مورد استفاده قرار نگرفته‌اند. هیدروژن پراکساید، نیتروز اکساید، هیدروکسیل آمونیوم نیترات، هیدرازینیوم نیتروفرمات و آمونیوم دی‌نیترامید پیشرانه‌های سبزی هستند که مورد تأیید بسیاری از ارگان‌ها قرار گرفته و از آن‌ها در تراسترهای فضایی استفاده شده است. این مقاله با معرفی اجمالی انواع تراسترها، پیشرانه‌های سبز استفاد شده را مقایسه نموده، بهترین گزینه را پیشنهاد می‌کند.
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