نوع مقاله : علمی- ترویجی
نویسنده
مرکز زیست فضا و محیط زیست، پژوهشگاه هوافضا، وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری، تهران، ایران
چکیده
اتمسفر سیاره سرخ یا مریخ شامل 95 درصد دی اکسیدکربن، 3 درصد نیتروژن، 1.6 درصد آرگون و تنها مقدار کمی اکسیژن می‌باشد و از نظر غلظت حدود یک درصد اتمسفر سیاره زمین است که عملا سکونت و بقای انسان را در مریخ ناممکن می‌سازد. این امر چالشی بزرگ را برای سفر به مریخ و اقامت در آن ایجاد نموده‌است. بنابراین جستجوی راهکاری که بتواند به صورت پایدار اکسیژن لازم را برای بقا موجودات زنده و بویژه انسان در جو مریخ فراهم آورد ضروری می‌باشد. فتوسنتز مهمترین واکنش بیوشیمیایی است که تقریبا تمام حیات به آن وابسته‌است. این فرآیند پیچیده در گیاهان عالی، جلبک‌ها و برخی از باکتری‌ها نظیر سیانوباکتری‌ها رخ می‌دهد. با توجه به درصد بسیار پایین اکسیژن در جو مریخ به نظر می‌رسد استفاده از گونه‌های فتوسنتز کننده بی هوازی و متحمل به شرایط نامناسب اکولوژیکی نظیر سیانوباکتری‌ها بتواند اکسیژن مورد نیاز سیاره سرخ را تامین نماید.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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